Organizational Skills Essay

Possessing or not possessing organizational skills can make all the difference between efficient and effective work and no work at all. It is vital to understand the tasks at hand with an understanding of how everything will be organized for the accomplishment of the tasks. The arrangement and management of space, time, and information are among the most important organizational skills. The work space can be organized by the use of theories of ergonomics. After all, the quality of the work setting could easily translate into the quality of work performed. Time management, on the other hand, is a skill of discipline that is learned better with practice. Dividing up time for a variety of tasks, all of which demand varying levels of attention on the part of an individual, is best performed when the individual organizes time around the different degrees of importance attached to projects. Knowledge management is yet another organizational skill that acts as a necessity in principled work practices. This organizational skill often requires a distribution of knowledge. By sharing pertinent facts with his or her supervisors, colleagues, assistants, or subordinates; a manager may easily delegate tasks to a number of people. A student may likewise decide upon the most significant theories to study after understanding the value of information before him or her (â€Å"Organizational Skills†). Organizational skills are for the young and the old, the employed as well as the unemployed persons. The above mentioned organizational skills are also taught unto children. There is one significant organizational skill, however, that children do not learn very soon – that of managing finances. This particular organizational skill is mainly for adults, who always need to organize how their moneys would be spent on goods and services according to their respective degrees of importance. Financial management is crucial in all activities (â€Å"Organizational Skills†). But, so are the remaining organizational skills.

Book Review – Servant Leader

As I started reading this book I couldn’t help but feel a sense of deja vu. Why were the thoughts and ideas being shared so familiar? Then I realized something, much like the author’s recollection of what his grandmother said. Many of these ideas were things that I had heard from my parents when I was growing up. I cannot count the number of times my father has encouraged me to be myself and true to myself and follow the right path regardless of the adversities that might come my way.Or the number of times my mother has asked me to see others as I would want them to see me and accept others for who they are. After all there is a reason why everyone isn’t alike, it would be real boring if you were to turn around and all you’d see were reflections of yourself. Why is it then that I (we) needed a book to remind me (us) of things that could be just basic common sense?Unfortunately years and years of school and college followed up with years of working in a dog -eat-dog environment has conditioned to not think about these basic things. We are trained to run as fast as we can for if we slow down someone else might take our place, we concentrate so much on running that we forget to stop and slow down once in a while to notice the important things. This book serves to remind us of the basics, to show that it is not always about win-lose, it helps us take what is common sense and helps us make it common practice.There were many things I learned from this book, but there are a few concepts that stand out. I quote the author â€Å"Leadership begins on the inside with self-awareness and self esteem and the process of leadership involves regular and intense reflection and introspection†. The order of responsibility for a servant leader should be; 1. the employee involved, 2. the affected employees and finally 3. the organization. I believe the â€Å"regenerative circle of prosperity† is a great thought.This is where the customer, the sales associate, the vendors/suppliers and the stockholders are all in a loop and mutually connected. The customer gets a quality product at a good price, the sales associate has the personal and financial gains of making a sale, the vendors get a good price for these supplies from the company and the stockholders get good returns. The returns can be reinvested to research better products for the customers and the loop continues.Finally the concept of loyalty is also handled and treated very well in the book. The author’s interpretation of the word that makes so much sense in today’s environment. I quote the author again; â€Å"Loyalty, for an employee is simply doing the job that is agreed upon and doing it to the best of one’s ability with honestly and integrity. It is being sensitive to, and acting in, the best interest of the organization, colleagues and peers†. I will carry the insights from this book throughout my career.

Air Forces Northern incident awareness and assessment playbook Essay Example for Free

Air Forces Northern incident awareness and assessment playbook Essay Science (824) , Play (788) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints ?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) is the combatant command that is responsible for security and defense. They conduct Defense of the Civil authorities through providing capabilities to the DOD, Department of Defense from their land, air and sea components in support of the leading federal policies geared towards responding to any homeland security threat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Among the capabilities that the DOD brings to their operations is the ISR and IAA. There is no difference between these two terms only that the term IAA has just been coined by the USNORTHCOM to denote the application of ISR when it is applied domestically to support the homeland security. The ISR operation mainly consist of flying both manned and unmanned platforms which are set to revolve over the battle field top provide a clear picture of the situation underneath. During the wartime, this picture could include the location of roads and deposition of the enemy and also the information that may be required so as to target the enemy. ISR provides a clear picture of situational awareness that could not only be used strategically to gain the full picture but also tactically to gather intelligence information that are useful in engaging individual targets. The situation awareness that is provided by the IAA/ ISR becomes a significant force multiplier which the commanders have been known to highly rely on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are many obstacles to realizing full potential for the ISR in homeland security. Currently there is statutory, doctrine, ethical and policy obstacles that exist to prevent ISR from reaching their full capacity for the homeland security provision.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Improved doctrines will see the department of Defense improve their ability to deliver IAA capabilities to the local, tribal, state and also the federal entities. The consumers all over the country and also the whole world will benefit from improved IAA capabilities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The most significant ethical issues come secondarily where IAA capabilities are employed domestically. This is because it is known that all the American citizens enjoy freedoms of privacy, expression and they expect this to be fundamental and be respected in the best way possible. The American citizens highly value their freedoms and hence loath ideas that seem to threaten their constitutional protection.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In publicizing the use and purpose of IAA, I think there is a big ethical consideration in it because the citizens will get to know the function of IAA and how they function. They will not think that their freedoms are being infringed on but know that this is a military operation and that is how they are and should be carried hence in so doing, there will be no blame game between the government and the citizens. USAF. (2007). Air Force doctrine document 2-9; Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance operations. Washington, D.C.: United States Air Force. Air Forces Northern. (2010). Air Forces Northern incident awareness and assessment playbook. Tyndall AFB, FL: USAF. USNORTHCOM Public Affairs. (2008, September 18). Hurricane response.

Discuss the arguments for and against compulsory audit firm rotation Essay

Discuss the arguments for and against compulsory audit firm rotation and also for and against a total ban on audit companies(by which is meant firms of accountants) carrying out non-audit services - Essay Example the perspective of having an audit firm safeguard their rights where the key objective of the audit firms has become the maximization of profit, where they mostly only look to cover their own risk. The Enron and World Call scandal gave rise to a controversy where the auditors actually provided a helping hand to their audit client in carrying out and concealing fraud and other deceptive acts which resulted in huge losses to the shareholders, the employees and other related stakeholders alike. These incidents not only affected the companies but also prove to be an alarming event for the audit firms as well as the regulatory bodies to enhance their capabilities in providing a safeguard to the rights of the shareholders as well as other associated individuals. This also provided a need for the regulatory bodies to take some stringent measures in implementation of controls for appointment and rotation of auditors as well as the restriction of audit companies to be involved in provision of non-audit services to their clients which overshadows the social responsibility of the auditor and turns it in to a business perspective. The recent incidents of corporate frauds have mobilized the regulatory bodies in the United Kingdom to establish and implement controls governing the audit of companies listed in the London Stock Exchange, which ensure that the auditors don’t stay long enough at a certain client where such a relationship is established between the two, where the auditor may disregard the social responsibility to safeguard the rights of the stakeholders. The main causes of impaired independence, which can be cured by audit rotation, are persistent close relationship with the client, keenness to satisfy the client and fear of losing the client where any fraud related issue is identified during the audit. If the audit company is rotated from time to time, the audit company will not have to fear for losing the client in case it highlights or reveals any fraud,

Advantages of reduced hierarchy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advantages of reduced hierarchy - Essay Example In the past, hierarchy helped to define the role of employees within the same organization. It also outlines the relationship between employees. Hierarchy makes organizations stand out with limited control spans. Several organizations are becoming flatter, reducing levels of hierarchy and widening the span of control. There are several reasons to explain this promising trend among the hierarchical organization. However, hierarchical organizations have their share of disadvantages. First, hierarchy makes organizations assume a bureaucratic nature. This can slow the response rates to the needs of customers within the operations of the organization. Additionally, hierarchy in organizations contributes to the weakening of communication links within organizations. Furthermore, since hierarchy assumes a horizontal nature of information flow, some beneficial decisions can remain with the top of the hierarchy, making the employees at the bottom of the hierarchy disadvantaged (Fernandez & Gon zalez, 2001, p. 108). Based on these reasons, many organizations are resorting to the reduction of hierarchical levels within the organization. This paper will explore some of the advantages reduced hierarchal would benefit an organization. The need to stay profitable in the fast changing business environment has made business organizations reexamine their management styles. Organizations whose hierarchal structures are tall are less likely to respond quickly to external changes compared with entities with flatter hierarchal structures. The need to hasten the structure of management of any business enterprise requires the implementation of the process of delayering. This allows a business organization to remove some structures in its hierarchy to maintain a flatter hierarchal structure. Although this process has some disadvantages to the business, it also has multiple benefits as well. Hierarchical organizations ensure that employees at the apex of the hierarchy enjoy greater presti ge and privileges as compared to persons at the base of the hierarchy. As much as this benefits people at the top of the hierarchy in terms of increased self-esteem, self worth and other material benefits, it also contributes to the disorientation of the employees at the bottom of the hierarchy. As a result, these people will feel disadvantaged due to increased feelings of low self-esteem, limited or lack of access to handouts and low self worth. Consequently, their output would drastically reduce. Consequently, the productivity of the organization would equally reduce as well. It is necessary that organizations reduce their hierarchal levels to reverse this trend (Wallgrun, 2010, p. 119). Hierarchy in organizations ensure that somebody at the top only deal with the person who is directly under him or her. This implies that a top manager would not likely communicate directly with individuals at the bottom of the hierarchy. A hierarchy has several levels meaning that people only work with persons that are immediately below or above them. In case where a certain decision is supposed to reach everyone in the organization, this process would be so unyielding and time consuming. This is because the hierarchy does not address people directly by the top management. However, reducing the multiple levels of hierarchy would help to quicken the flow of information within the organization besides ensuring that little distortion to the information happens. The reduction of hierarchal levels within business organizations would ensure that employees get the opportunity to communicate with each other. This enhances teamwork besides creating a good working atmosphere for the organization.

UK Central Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

UK Central Government - Essay Example Most such departments are led by ministers and the ministers are accountable to parliament and have to report on the progress of their department. Certain non-ministerial posts may also be given to people heading certain departments1. This essay will deal with the role of the governments, both local and central and examine to what extent the local governments are dependent on central government. Is there an issue of performance scrutiny Are the local governments completely controlled by the central government2 These are issues that will be discussed is some detail. The ministers are in charge of government departments and are known as secretaries of state. They are members of the cabinet and carry out duties that the Prime Minster allots to them. Certain holders of traditional offices may have no departmental duties. Ministerial responsibility refers to both the collective responsibility for government policy and actions which ministers share, and to the ministers' individual responsibility for the work of their own departments. Collective responsibility implies that ministers should support government decisions and policies once they have been made and strictly implement those policies. Departmental ministers must agree with government policies as a whole so ministers are either expected to support or resign (Direct.gov on Central govt, 2005). This shows the extreme control of the central government in policy matters. In recent years we have seen such cases of resignation when ministers have failed to support government policies for instance the decision to go to war against Iraq (BBC report 2003/2005)3. The junior ministers are parliamentary undersecretaries of State and they report to a minister and oversee certain functions of a department. Departmental ministers tend to decide on all matters within their responsibility although certain cases may involve the decision of more than one department and consequently more than one minister would be responsible for the decision. On taking up office ministers are required to resign from directorships of private and public companies and ensure that there is no conflict in public and private interests (Direct.gov on Centr al govt, 2005). The central government consists of a cabinet of 20 ministers chosen by the Prime Minister and include both departmental and non-departmental ministers. The Cabinet represents the true collective responsibility and is expected to take the final decisions on government policies and adhere to them. The cabinet meets weekly although its business remains confidential until policies are made public and official (Direct.gov on Central govt, 2005). The civil service helps the government to formulate policies, carry out decisions and administer public services for which they are responsible. As ofJune 2001, civil servants constituted about 2 per cent of the working population in employment and about 10 per cent of all public sector employees and half of all civil services provide their services directly to the public4. The Prime Minister is responsible for central co-ordination and management of the Civil Service (Direct.gov on Central govt, 2005). The central government also consists of executive agencies that are directly accountable to the ministers. These government agencies

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Literature Review - Essay Example Illustrations are also given in the article such as how to attract viewers by personalizing the sites with music, pictures and information. As a reader, this article - although it is short and written simply – interests and excites me because of the way the writer expresses his ideas. The tips and examples given are really informative and useful. The second article is also written by Richard Lowe, Jr.; it is entitled â€Å"Web site Design: Who is your audience?†. The article intends to scrutinize the arguments propounded by the writer in defining the group audience expected to view the site. The article is written in an informal style and is a clearly understandable piece of work. The objective of the article is for the new web designers and creators, as well as for the old amateur web designers, to be on familiar terms with their audience. The article is presented with tips and example of the possible procedures. What makes it more interesting is that the explanations and the evidences written in the article are based on the author’s own experience since the author is the Webmaster of the Internet Tips And Secrets. The examples and contents are well developed, organized and structured; the framework is also explained clearly. Therefore, as a reader, the tips are pretty interesting since the discussion concerns the contemporary issues like the quality and attraction and of websites; subjects that are in demand at the moment. â€Å"Don’t lose visitors because of poor site design†, the article written by Tony Murtagih, is the third article I wish to review. The intention of the article is to help people in avoiding common mistakes that novice as well as expert designers make. The clearly stated article and the simple, informal writing is addressed to the entire website designer. The main aspects of the article include how website design influences the visitors to stay browsing within a website. The writer, Tony Murtagih, who has ten years of experience in

The Al Qaeda Manual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Al Qaeda Manual - Essay Example The manual demonstrates that Al Qaeda is more than just a religious militant terrorist group set on destroying western interests and attacking western values, it also highlights the difficult task that law enforcement is faced with in the modern war on terror. There is little doubt that the Al Qaeda manual asks its followers to be specifically anti-Western and anti-US. The manual proclaims that "Colonialism and its followers, the apostate rulers, then started to openly erect crusader centers, societies, and organizations like Masonic Lodges, Lions and Rotary clubs, and foreign schools" (Al Qaeda Manual, n.d., p.8). These are the symbols that they perceive as American. The manual further radicalizes its readers by tying these activities to religion. "The bitter situation that the nation has reached is a result of its divergence from Allah's course and his righteous law for all places and times" (Al Qaeda Manual, n.d., p.9). By casting the Western symbols as anti-Islamic they are able to exploit the centuries old religious fears and furors that have historically pitted Islam against Christianity. 1 Along with being an extremist religious organization, the manual indoctrinates the reader to the military arm of Al Qaeda. The document professes its need for illegal documents and counterfeit currency. These resources are then to be used to commit violence against the US and their interests anywhere around the world. There is no doubt about their propensity for violence when the state that their goals are "Kidnaping enemy personnel, assassinating enemy personnel as well as foreign tourists, blasting and destroying the places of amusement, the embassies and attacking vital economic centers, [and] bridges leading into and out of the cities" (Al Qaeda Manual, n.d., p.13). The manual is also quite detailed in the requirements for forged documents. It explains what type of documents are needed, how many to possess, and requires that members' documents have a picture without a beard (Al Qaeda Manual, n.d., p.23). While this non-dated document may be more difficult to implement in today 's world of heightened security, it demonstrates their organizational commitment to doing anything necessary to subvert US interests around the world. 2 There is the question as to whether or not the possession of this document could identify someone as a terrorist and subject them to arrest under the current US Law. The professing of violence against specific targets, advocating illegal activity, and the ties to an organization labeled by the State Department as a terrorist group, would place the person who posses this document at some risk of being suspected of being a terrorist. This brings into question whether I will be at risk since I have downloaded a copy to my computer and I do not have the technology to eradicate it from the disc drive. While I would like to think that justice would win out and an explanation of "used for academic purposes" would be enough, the headlines are full of the innocent people who are still in obscure prisons for terrorist activities. This could be further complicated if I was an Islamic student that was studying in America. This manual not only illustrates the depth of commitment that Al Qaeda h as to its goals, it also shows the difficulty that law enforcement has in regards to its ability to evaluate motivation, intent, and

The Persuasive Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Persuasive Research Paper - Essay Example Others, however, praised the decision of the committee terming it as a timely and accurate. In as much as critics hinted several reasons to support their position, it remains indisputable that the honor was a service granted at the right time to the president. The inventor of this priceless tribute granted to Nobel peace prize holders was Alfred Nobel. The respect was a courtesy offered to reputable people who pledge for and work to restore fraternity among world nations. It is noteworthy that critics of Obama’s recognition consider that the president, by 2009, had insignificant achievement in creating fraternity among nations. They hint at the short service time that the president had, by then, and find it inadmissible to grant honor to the president for that. This argument is remains illogical when used to disapprove the honor granted to the president in 2009. Foreign policy debates were among the president’s promises during his campaigns before his assumption of powe r. Restoring admirable relationship among world countries is unattainable without the art of conviction and deliberation. Among the greatest investments, that the president made to obtain power, was his superb articulation and conviction to boost the country’s foreign relations. ... Critics should detach the consideration of the short time of service from their argument since the president’s foreign relations debate was promising long before assumption of office. Critics against the honor highlight several nominees of the prize who were unsuccessful but, in their opinion, deserved the recognition. Critics point at icons as Joseph Stalin whose nominations in 1945 and 1948 received objection by the committee. Efforts by Stalin to create peace in the world by ending the second war were plausible enough, in the opinion of these critics, to attract the honor. In addition, critics to Obama’s honor attribute his youthful recognition of the president and cast doubts on the committee’s decision. The fact that Obama gained the recognition on his first nomination makes the critics to believe that it was untimely. These claims, however, remain illogical from several perspectives. Advocating for peace among world states is a commitment that does not come with age but an ideology. Alfred Nobel attributed to peace as the most invaluable benefit that humankind would attain in life. That turned to be his ideology and the reason for the respect since his death in 1896. As a reminder to critics of the honor, as ideology is collection of doctrines that find basis on political, social or any other area of knowledge. It is a reflection of the social or political demands of the people pledging for it. There is no relationship between the age, of a society or an individual, and an ideology. Peace qualifies to be among the most recognizable political ideologies, globally, and that is incontrovertible. Arguing that Obama was youthful to receive the honor, therefore, is undeniably wrong and inconsiderate. There are success stories of young economists, politicians,

Benevolent God and Problem of Evil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Benevolent God and Problem of Evil - Essay Example This paper is aimed at answering the question: â€Å"Is the presence of evil in the world compatible with the existence of a benevolent God?† Problem of Evil has been one of the greatest challenges to the existence of a benevolent God. It is argued that if God is benevolent, omniscient, and omnipotent, then why does evil exists in the world. In order to do this Problem of Evil and the possible responses to it are discussed. The responses are analysed to see if they are satisfactory and allow for an existence of a benevolent God and evil. Problem of Evil The fact that evil continues to occur in our world contradicts or challenges the existence of a benevolent God. If God is benevolent, along with being omnipotent and omniscient, then God must be good and kind to everybody. This means there must be no evil in the world which causes enormous suffering and pain to not just humans but all living beings. But this is not true. There is evil everywhere in the world and all beings are subjected to suffering and pain. Therefore, the existence of a benevolent, omnipotent and omniscient God and the presence of evil contradict each other. A benevolent God who is also omnipotent and omniscient must not tolerate such widespread evil and must eradicate it. If God is omnipotent and omniscient but does not eradicate the evil in the world means that God is no benevolent. On the other hand, if God is benevolent but still not eradicates evil means that God is either not omnipotent or omniscient. But there are people who believe that God is benevolent at the same time acknowledging the fact that there is evil in the world. This belief is very inconsistent and many have addressed this issue. Responses to Problem of Evil There are numerous responses from theologians and believers of benevolent God to the question raised about the problem of evil. Many have tried to solve this problem and find a solution that would put the argument of ‘Problem of Evil’. There aren’t any solutions and reasons that are perfectly logical. In fact, many proposed solutions are proven to be fallacious. But at the end it all comes down to faith. Those who do not believe in God go with the argument that questions the existence of God while those who believe in a benevolent God accept that reasoning given by theologians irrespective of logical shortcomings (Mackie, 1955). Following are some of the responses by theologians and theists to ‘Problem of Evil’: Evil is Necessary as a Counterpart to Good This is one of the most popula r responses that are used. For good to be present there needs to be evil. Evil is very essential for us to recognise the good that is around. Good is a counterpart to evil and the absence of one makes the other one irrelevant. The idea here is that if there was no evil then good would not make much sense. It is only with respect to evil that we can decide what is good and what is not. This can be best understood with the example of light and darkness. We can make the distinction between light and darkness only because we are aware of the two. If either one was absent, then there is no

Persin development Essay Example for Free

Persin development Essay Silkysteps early years forum planning ideas for play Welcome to Silkysteps Early Years Forum Early Years Discussion Forums Training, Qualifications CPD Level 3 Diploma NVQ SCH 32 2. 3 Describe how own values belief systems and experiences affect practice User Name Remember Me? Password Register FAQ Members List Calendar Arcade Level 3 Diploma NVQ Level 3 : NVQ Childrens Care, Learning and Development and Diploma for the Children and Young Peoples Workforce. Please DO NOT COPY and PASTE information from this forum and then submit the work as your own. Plagiarism risks you failing the course and the development of your professional knowledge. Go to Page Page 1 of 2 1 2 Thread Tools Display Modes #1 10-16-2010, 08:02 PM easylife Acorn ~~Putting down roots ~~ Join Date: Mar 2010 Posts: 11 SCH 32 2. 3 Describe how own values belief systems and experiences affect practice Hi, I really would like to thank every one here in this site. Without posting any question last year for my NVQ Level 2 that I passed I really benefit from all of your posted answers. I have now started my Level 3 Diploma for the Children and Young Peoples Workforce and we have 21 units this year I am in unit 052 is any one here doing the same course? Just need some help with 2. 3 : Describe how own values, belief systems and experiences my effect working practice? Manythanks easylife View Public Profile Find all posts by easylife #2 10-16-2010, 10:11 PM Ruthierhyme Administrator Join Date: Nov 2005 Posts: 5,959 Hi a warm welcome to the site xx You need to look at what you value, what beliefs you personally have and the experiences that you have that may or maynot affect the way you work. How would you describe your outlook on life? Negative? do you feel things will go badly Optimistic? maybe youre open to a range of possible outcomes Are you positively focussed? do you find it easy to be keen, motivated, eager to plan, witness and take part. The collins handbook lays out guidance for this assessment criteria by category .. Family background: the make-up of your immediate and extended family and their impact; whether you were an only child or were there many children; sibling rivalry; a mix of genders; the history of your family; whether there was a harsh discipline or permissive attitude. Environment: the house/flat/caravan you grew up in and its location, within town or rural setting, within a cetain geographical area, or a different country. Finances: whether you were wealthy or struggled to have your basic needs met. Education: the ethos of your school; whether single or mixed sex; boarding or day school; inspirational teachers; success academiucally; whether you were bullied; whether you developed special interests. Religious or spiritual beleif system including if you embraced or rejected this. Moral influences: values passed onto you as being of central importance to the way you live your life. Pg 54 Everyone is influenced and shaped by their unique experience of life. It can be hard to separate personal and professional responses when youre asked to perform both simultaneously throughout each working day. For the ability to maintain objectivity or be unaffected by personal bias maybe look at your personal views, beliefs, feelings about aspects that you might find relate to daily practice. Would it help to evaluate examine them by refelcting on your feelings? .. eg. if you were asked to write a sentence using your positive/indifferent/negative thoughts on each of the following, what would that single sentence be/ what would it sum up? childrens rights? a good idea or bad idea? human rights? ECM and positive outcomes? partnership and working together as an internal and external team? male / female roles who stays home to care for children, who goes out to work, who uses different tools, who drives different vehicles, who takes which managerial position human appearance skin colour, eye colour, hair, height, weight, family size/number smacking, time-out, other methods for behavioural management homosexuality: same sex union, same sex parents transgender transvestism labels disability sensory impairement hearing, sight, smell, touch, taste infection control risk individual faiths prayer, worship, marriage:religions local community worldwide networks country based culture language, accent, dress, food, music, art, festivals, weather age does age change capability? pregnancy and age welfare, safeguarding, protecting adults, children, animals academia, training and opportnities to gain knowledge lifestyles and lifestyle choices - multicultural lifestyle - veganism, vegetarianism - activism - celebrity - products, brands - homes a house, flat, caravan, boat, tent - traditions, celebrations, annual occurances, observances discrimination how do you react when others discriminate against others, against you. How do you know when youve discriminated against others or found youve contradicted yourself. healthy eating substance use smoking, drugs, alchol mental health sexual health Consider the role that youre charged with, the title description of your job and the responsibilities involved that mean you implement ways for children to achieve positive outcomes during their time with you and as an underpinning expectation for their forevers. Which of the above do you feel you can whole heartedly support, enjoying all the opportunities available that would promote learning about it. Which do you accept are an individuals own choice, whilst not your personal choice you respect their rights/right to be safe, express themselves Which do you struggle to understand, challenges your thinking, causes you to feel defensive or makes you feel a need to justify or re-examine your reasoning. How supportive could you be to someone with views and beliefs that conflict with your own. How do you think your views, beliefs impact on your practice? Are you able to separate personal and professional responses? Are you able to see what difference exists between personal and professional practice objectivity? Are you able to overcome strength of personal feeling to safeguard the children in your care and work in partnership with parents and colleagues? For ideas on methods of relective practice ie. thinking, writing, discussion, enacting or role play this thread may help

Harley Davidson: Supply Chain Management

Harley Davidson: Supply Chain Management Introduction: In the business market there are many different organizations, but those who have good quality, design, and manufacturing process with low cost and meet market requirement they wins like Harley-Davidson. The main objective of Harley- Davidson was to focus on Just In Time manufacturing, Supply Chain Management and Total Quality Management in order to compete with other organizations. In this case study the emphasis is on how they developed the Supply Chain Management, Supplier Relationship, timed delivery and Quality. How sharing of information help them to implement just in time at supplier end ,its brief history ,problems it had faced in mid 70s, the remedies, the steps followed to overcome the downfall, with emphasis on Supply Chain Management, and lastly it concludes with the findings and learnings from the overall case study Brief History Harley Davidson is an American manufacturing motor cycle company which was built in 1903 by William Harley and author Davidson. In year 1970 the decision taking power was in the hand of cooperate parent company American machine and foundry at that time Harley Davidson was sole surviving company who were making heavy weight motor cycle in united states.AMF wanted to take the advantage of the market so decide to increase the production neglecting the importance of supply chain which made the quality go out of control. In 1981 new management was appointed by Harley Davidson to get out of this issue .Better operations towards better Bikes was their goal. Problems faced by Harley Davidson In the mid 1970s H-D had tough times, the market share was decreasing due to the poor quality of the product. After a detailed analysing it became evident that overproduction has resulted in a defocus from the Supply Chain Management. The quality of the H-D product which was the basis for their success did no longer exist. The low number of the Inventory Turns led to a high level of Stocks. With the demand decreasing and the high stocks the company was cash ridden. The recession also had its impact on low returns of the company. Another problem was they had no control over the suppliers and supplier quality was unpredictable which added to customer dissatisfaction. Remedial Measures Taken In 1980 Harley Davidson really had bad time so the management decided to take action by organizing there company with new start, management launched production schedule which increased inventory turns.Inventory Turns is define as the ratio of cost of goods and average inventory. The inventory dropped to 4 million Dollars, with high level of productions. Inventory turns increased from 16 to 28 million per year. Supplier base was reduced from 320 to 120 it leads to focus on supplier and better relationship with supplier. Set up times were reduced drastically, it made smaller lifesize feasible which increased the production. Harley Davidson introduced SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMET and JUST IN TIME MANAGEMENT which help to achieve continuous improvement in quality and delivery services,so there was drop in warranty cost also helped to eliminate inventory. Shift of production focus from PUSH (anticipating demand) to PULL (responding to orders). Supplier involvement program was evolved to improve the product development efficiencies and effectiveness which lead to development cost and reduction of developed time and reduce the cost and increase product value. Suppliers must install JIT, Statistical Operator Control, and should work for continuous improvements. Supplier development must increase the performance and capability to meet the long term supply need. Rewards and Outcome The main achievement of Harley Davidson is Quality and Delivery, it had established its base in the market.Introduction of just in time management helped them to work according to customer needs which led to customer satisfaction. Continuous improvement and bench marking the supplier helped them to improve the quality of the product. Analysis Supply chain management:-It is an activity which is defined as planning of operations, implementing the operations and controlling the operation of the supply chain to satisfy customer requirement as efficiently as possible. It includes production scheduling; Order processing, inventory management and customer services. Just in Time or Man: Just in time helped Harley Davidson by eliminating waste by using quality of raw material, producing right quality of product in right place at right time. It also improves the product quality, increase the productivity and decrease the cost. Harley Davidson called just in time as man (material as needed).just in time help Harley Davidson to develop trust between suppliers, it also helped to increase inventory turns which generate the cash flow. Principles and Technique of just in time used by Harley Davidson Total quality control:- The purpose of total quality management is to focus on customer satisfaction by improving process, high quality of product and services. Total quality can be achieved by Employee involvement program and stastical operator control. Reducing batch size production:- small batch size production helps to reduce inventory, reduce handling cost, smooth production flow and improves quality of the product. Reduce set up time:- Reduction of set up time helps to make smaller and larger size doable. It also increases the productivity and quality. Reduces inventory, space and time. Pull system (kanban):- pull system is a method in which we can control the flow production based on customer demand. In this system production is done in small batches in case if there is any problem at any point of operation the whole production line will quickly come to stop. Implementation of pull system can help you to eliminate waste in handling, optimize the shop floor space usage and improves on time delivery to customer. Supplier development:- supplier development is long term relationship between customer and supplier that intent to benefit both. Supplier should not be treated as external source but part of supply chain management. Supplier development is actually developing supplier in same way the employer are developed, providing scheduling information about product and involving supplier in design stage can improve the quality of product. Darren docemsolo lean supply chain mgnt Total employee involvement:- Each and every employee should be committed and dedicated to their work.employeer should be involved in quality circle with in the organization in order to discuss and develop management issue. Quality circle to encourage employee to take responsibility of their work which helps to improve quality and elimination of waste. Supplier selection: The best decision taken by the management of a Harley Davidson was proper selection of supplier .In the past there were lot of suppliers so quality of the product was unpredictable single sourcing helped them to check the defect .selection was done by better interviewing the supplier and understanding supplier capability. Supplier relationship: Another important step taken by Harley Davidson was improvement of supplier relationship .Their past relationship with suppliers was not that good which lead to quality and delivery problem ,weak relation with supplier can affect the organization and entire supply chain. Sharing information and conducting problem solving programs like statically operation control and employee involvement program helped Harley Davidson to improve the long term relationship. Working together with the supplier in various forms improves effectiveness and efficiency of operations in a company. Good use of relationship with the supplier can enhance the resource and capability of the company and hence it can improve market effectiveness. Harley Davidson would conduct meeting twice a year and looked for continuous improvement process. Continuous improvement continuous improvement is a management policy that sees quality improvement as an on-going process, and increasing improvement rather than once and for all improvement efforts. It helps to improve the supply chain as a whole. Future Trends Harley Davidson has diversified futuristic plans. Apart from being a leader in the Motorcycle manufacturing, they are into Branding of their logos. Supplier trainings, which includes a detailed study of their past strategies, problems and the way they have approached the solutions. The innovative Supply Chain Management systems which they inculcated in the organization. Also their aims are: Being world class customer Make worlds profitable motor cycle To have best supplier in the world To be recognised by customer for quality, value of product, services Key point Key points that we could learn from this layout are Quality cost Delivery and demand Development Management Quality is the main objective of each and every organization but is should also be cost effective. The efficient logistics must ensure that the delivery is on time, which in turn increases the demand. Continual improvement of the product is achieved by development of research, training and supplier relationship. Management must be actively involved in strategically controlling the operations of Supply chain. Conclusion From the above study we can conclude that how Harley Davidson regained their reputation in the market by applying Supply Chain Management, just in time program and also good relation with the supplier helped them to improve their quality and standard of the product. Supplier quality was unpredictable in past, sharing information, good scheduling and teaching their supplier to adapt just in time program improved Harley Davidsons quality, delivery and sevices.Thus applying supply chain management organization can improve their product range and make a better way for their future.

Video Analysis Of Billionaire By Travis Mccoy Film Studies Essay

Video Analysis Of Billionaire By Travis Mccoy Film Studies Essay Dreams of waking up as a billionaire have circled around the consciousness of many, especially through periods when life knocks you down and mostly to those who belong to an ethnic group that is looked upon as a threat to the society. The 29 year old Travis Travie Lazurus McCoy, in his twice Platinum (RIAA Gold Platinum, 2010), #4 Billboard Hot 100 debut single, Billionaire ft. Bruno Mars (Summer 2010), imagines what would happen if he became a billionaire. He references all the desires on his wish list and also mentions the good he would do to others with the money, along with his desire to be on the cover of Forbes Magazine and smiling next to Oprah and The Queen. An analysis is run through the artists desire of turning rich to make a change for the less fortunate African Americans who are mistreated daily. The Hip Hop/Rap single from the solo album Lazarus with a simple title Billionaire was co-written by the 7 Grammy Award nominee and producer Peter Hernandez of the Puerto Rican origin. His stage name in the music industry is Bruno Mars from the production trio of The Smeezingtons. Bruno has co-written many international smashing hits along with many famous artists like Flo Rida. On the other hand, Travie himself, who is of Haitian origin and who heads from Geneva, New York, wrote the other part. Travie has a legendary music background, tracing back to his career as the lead vocalist of the alternative hip-hop band Gym Class Heroes (Travie McCoy Music News Info, 2010). The producer is The Smeezingtons and the record label is the New York based Fueled By Ramen (Billionaire by Travie McCoy, 2010). The single has been released as a music video, which seems to be a trend for any new single to showcase its message visually and to reach a wider audience range, mainly through the Internet. The Billionaire is targeted towards pretty much the same audience as any hip hop/rap title, the teens and young adults, aged 15-35. It is targeted towards a specific ethnic group, as in the most cases of this genre, the mass population of the whites, who in terms spend a lot on music. The music video was filmed in the sunny California and it has been first debuted on MTV. It shows Travie driving a Mini Cooper, and helping four people and a group. The first is giving a guy a new skateboard, the second was buying an unknown, aspiring artists CD, the third was a teenager trying to hitchhike to Geneva, New York and when Travie got out of the car, he gave away the keys of the Mini. Finally giving a graffiti artist some spray-paint, for that to express the young talent within. The second location was a beach party of partygoers who ran dry on beer, and in come Travie and Bruno, handing out beers to restore life to the party. It is important to notice that there is a hidden commercial ad of the popular Tuborg beer at the 2:34 length of the video. It is latent due to the fact that the bottles and the beer box are taken from an angle that blurs the brand name. However Tuborgs green label bottles are widely known. Hence the message that is originally meant as entertainment contains latent information about youngs and their interests. The song has an opening line by Bruno Mars, whos ancestry is linked with black slaves, declares that I wanna be a billionaire so fricking bad. The status of billionaire is recognized as the minority of elites who have a billion in the countrys currency. This triggers an interest in ones consciousness; an interest of being rich along with its privileges and how would your life change. Next Bruno reinstates on that being rich means that you could have all the goodies of the universe. At this moment, some might think of happiness, others about drugs, sex or even power. For Bruno, its being on the cover of the worlds famous and most elite magazine for the rich barons called Forbes, where only a couple of lucky famous international figures show off their smiles, being on the worlds yearly rich list. This brings upon an important aspect of the media message, a historical and cultural reference. Forbes has been the ultimate publication of the rich high-ranking executives from all over the w orld; on the other hand, its a dream for the less fortunate. Furthermore, he touches upon the popular figures, an easy way to engage with the mind of the listener, by simultaneously pointing out people of similar interest and global fame; he desires to smile next to one of the worlds few black billionaires and TV host Oprah Winfrey and the Queen (most probably Queen Elizabeth II). Once again, here comes more of a historical linkage, a hidden from the logic connection between black Bruno and billionaire Oprah. Most of the American population knows Oprah and her sad story of being rape-pregnant at the age of 9, and later her tough life as a black in the neighborhoods of Mississippi. For a black African American and equally to the whites, hearing such words, not only triggers the deepest feelings and emotions of ones own past and present, but also a hope, a light at the end of the tunnel; to believe in one another and your own, in the way Oprah did it. Next comes a chorus. This time its more of an inception, a dream within a dream that Bruno already started by putting one self onto Forbes cover. Here he dreams, with every time that he closes his eyes, he visualizes his name in shinny lines, where shinny references to bold and elegant banners and titles on magazines and street billboards. Not surprisingly, Bruno tries to showcase himself as man with power and recognition, once he gains the billionaire status: I swear the world better prepare for when Im a billionaire. Furthermore, Travie, while driving around town offers agreement and support to Brunos words. Being a host of a show like Oprah means big money, here is where Travie takes more of a philanthropic billionaires position by accepting a wish list from all the people and making everyday a Christmas, a time of giving that is. Soon Travie pulls up intertextuality and points onto Brad and Angelina and their scandals that made them famous. Mainly, intertextuality is seen most in the idea of adopting kids and giving them everything what they never had before, this refers to the generosity and trend of Angelina Jolie who is known for her numerous adoptions and support for children from the gods forgotten nations. This pulls up an important point and going away from the famous clichà © of the rich being greedy, he and Angelina will go hand in hand and save the worlds little kids. The rest of the lyrics go very similar to the main plot of simply becoming a billionaire, to help the poor, to give a way goodies that gained elite status in the society, the Mercedes for ladies enjoyment for instance, here once again a cultural reference is latent as Mercedes is a status of wealth. Next Travie puts up money for the victims of the Hurricane Katrina. Here Travie touches a very important fact, mostly a political decision, again by a group of powerful and elites. He talks about the irresponsibility towards Katrinas relief by FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) and that he could do lots more than them. Critical to understand, why Travie talks about Katrina and not any other hurricane, when it is known that there were many more before his debut release in 2010. Mostly to trigger solidarity and emotion towards the mass population of African Americans who were victims in the city of New Orleans. All the lyrics still circle around the same idea, of the blacks being mistreated and left out. This is a very strong historical and in a way cultural reference too. Since title debuted in s ummer, a time of pleasure and party, but is linked with the unfortunate happenings of 2005 Katrina. Its a latent tribute to the less fortunate. In the final words, Travie mainly points the audiences attention to the social status and trend of being rich. At this point, different audiences depending on their social level would reason differently. Mainly what would you and your friends be once you have a billion in your bank. Here Travie does a very critical move, instead of converting the lyrics into a political propaganda, he takes it easy. He talks about playing basketball with the President. Once again there is a cultural reference, basketball mainly refers to the neighborhood game of African American teenagers. Therefore playing with the president would mean steering the presidents attention towards the difficulties of the blacks. Furthermore, he indirectly touches upon the tax law; mainly being rich means that you will pay different taxes, a social inequality. At the end, he returns to his philanthropic position and will spend the money on his family and friends, and give them the main necessities of life. This conveys a message that would be interpreted differently, but the source is the same, help the less fortunate blacks. Moving deeper into song structure, the hit uses the standard versus-chorus style. The verse and chorus are considered the primary elements. Each verse in the Billionaire has the same melody with some slight modifications towards the end, but the lyrics change for most verses. The chorus (refrain) by Bruno Mars has a melodic phrase and a key lyrical line, which is repeated: Oh every time I close my eyes. Next, the songs chord sequence is sampled directly from Sublimes 1996 track, Santeria. This was written about a guy envisioning using black magic or Santeria anything he can to get back his girl (Santeria by Sublime Song facts, 2010). Using sampled tracks in rap songs has become a wide spread trend, to bring upon a hidden context, more often this is done for the purpose of linking two similar messages. However in the case of Billionaire this is false and no intertextuality is seen. The artist has simply lent the guitar chord sequence. Furthermore, the song itself is recorded professi onally under supervision from the The Smeezingtons (producer). The music itself is high quality stereo. On top of this, the music video is shot in high definition (HD) format, a standard these days. Most of the times, the angle is equal and focus set at the people and their activities, in color, both during day and night. Finally, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), which is responsible for the promoting of the creative vitality of the major music companies, certified Billionaire as 2 times Platinum, which signifies over 2,000,000 shipments. The Billionaire single has earned both Travie McCoy and Bruno Mars significant international recognition and fame. Its a relaxing song, that not only reminds us of the various life inequalities that are faced daily by the different ethnic groups, but also it gives hope and supports a dream of each of us. Travie McCoy Billionaire Lyrics featuring Bruno Mars [Bruno Mars] I wanna be a billionaire so fricking bad buy all of the things I never had uh, I wanna be on the cover of Forbes magazine smiling next to Oprah and the Queen [Chorus] Oh every time I close my eyes I see my name in shining lights A different city every night oh I swear the world better prepare for when Im a billionaire [Travis Travie McCoy] Yeah I would have a show like Oprah I would be the host of, everyday Christmas give Travie a wish list Id probably pull an Angelina and Brad Pitt and adopt a bunch of babies that aint never had sh-t give away a few Mercedes like here lady have this and last but not least grant somebody their last wish its been a couple months since Ive single so you can call me Travie Claus minus the Ho Ho get it, hehe, Id probably visit where Katrina hit and damn sure do a lot more than FEMA did yeah cant forget about me stupid everywhere I go Imma have my own theme music [Chorus] Oh every time I close my eyes I see my name in shining lights A different city every night oh I swear the world better prepare for when Im a billionaire oh oooh oh oooh for when Im a Billionaire oh oooh oh oooh for when Im a Billionaire [Travis Travie McCoy] Ill be playing basketball with the President dunking on his delegates then Ill compliment him on his political etiquette toss a couple milli in the air just for the heck of it but keep the fives, twentys (?) completely separate and yeah Ill be in a whole new tax bracket we in recession but let me take a crack at it Ill probably take whatevers left and just split it up so everybody that I love can have a couple bucks and not a single tummy around me would know what hungry was eating good sleeping soundly I know we all have a similar dream go in your pocket pull out your wallet and put it in the air and sing [Bruno Mars] I wanna be a billionaire so fricking bad buy all of the things I never had uh, I wanna be on the cover of Forbes magazine smiling next to Oprah and the Queen [Chorus] I wanna be a billionaire so frickin bad! Reference Page Billionaire by Travie Mccoy. (2010). Retrieved December 14th, 2010 from http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=18841 RIAA Gold and Platinum. (2010, June 18). Retrieved December 18th, 2010 from http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1table=SEARCH_RESULTStitle=Billionaire%20%28FEAT.%20BRUNO%20MARS%29perPage=50 Santeria by Sublime Song facts. (2010). Retrieved December 14th, 2010 from http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=3798 Travie McCoy Music News Info | Billboard.com. (2010). Retrieved December 12th, 2010 from http://www.billboard.com/artist/travie-mccoy-featuring-bruno-mars/1318433#/song/travie-mccoy-featuring-bruno-mars/billionaire/18418635

Temptations Of Odysseus Essay -- essays research papers

Temptations of Odysseus   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Odysseus: a hero in every way. He is a real man, skilled in the sports, handy with a sword and spear, and a master of war strategy. Most of the challenges and adventures in his return voyage from Troy show us this even if we had no idea of his great heroic stature and accomplishments in the Trojan war. I found in my reading of the Odyssey that most of the trials the gods place upon him are readily faced with heroic means. These challenges are not necessarily welcomed by Odysseus but accepted as part of his role. He is the hero, its his lot to wield sword and shield and bravely face the next army or monster. Then we begin to see more of the challenges do not require our hero to fight his way out. These threats are the most difficult problems for Odysseus to overcome. The tests like the isle of the lotus eaters, Circe's island, and Calypso's island were the hardest challenges for Odysseus. His encounter with Polyphemus the Cyclops, the Laestrygonians, Charybdis and Scyylla, and the kingdom of the dead: these dangers were on his level, heroic battles where he could fight valiantly and if it was his fate, die valiantly. The challenges where heroic means were not a solution to overcome the danger were the most formidable tasks that could easily destroy Odysseus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Odysseus and crew are finally on their way home after the war, after nine days on the rough sea, they arrive at the isle of the lotus eaters. The lotus eaters are a group of people who have a lot of fun, thanks to their consumption of the lotus flower. This confrontation provides Odysseus and his crew with the first of their challenges (Odyssey 9:1-103). This threat is definitely one that a heroic confrontation is unlikely. This danger is not any physical threat to him or his men. The lotus eaters create a situation where Odysseus and his crew are tempted by a gift. This gift of immediate gratification threatens to take away several their basic heroic element. By eating the lotus flower they would find immediate happiness, however they would never make it home. They would died old men on that island without their families, they would be broken in a sense. Without the memories of their homes, wives, and children they would be just a shell of who they were. Odysseus would sooner die than to never see Penelope again and be ... ...n or ever see his son. If he couldn't ever get back then there would have been no reason to ever leave. All of his heroic deed would have been in vain and no one would have even remembered him. He could not have fought the suitors and proved himself . The act of returning was always the ultimate goal for Odysseus and the temptations of happiness, beauty, immortality, and eternal youth were much harder for him to pass up every time he had to put his life on the line and fight an army or evade a monster. He could have given in to any of the temptations at any time and never had to endure the pain and strife that came from his homeward journey. Without his heroic resources to help him escape the temptations by battling his way out or using his wit to escape he holds on and endures and finally returns. Dying on the battlefield would be a fantastic ending for a hero such as Odysseus. Dying alone without a fight or giving in and living without ever returning to his home or Penelope would be a fate no hero could accept. He would have been forgotten and others would claim what was his. Odysseus does endure and returns, escaping danger and great temptation to be the hero and claim his own.

Suffering in Cormac McCarthy’s All the Pretty Horses Essay -- Cormac M

Suffering in Cormac McCarthy’s All the Pretty Horses In All the Pretty Horses, Cormac McCarthy tells the tale of John Grady Cole’s quest to capture the ideal qualities of a cowboy as he sees them: laid-back, unfettered, nomadic and carefree attitudes. These qualities soon clash, however, with the reality of darkness, suffering and mystery that seems to follow him. Reality constantly subverts his ideal dream. Time and time again, John Grady Cole works to be this fantasy, but through reality’s constant rejection of his fantasy, he lives the dream. John Grady Cole starts on his journey to live the dream of a cowboy with his companion, Rawlin. Both are searching for a better life as they wander the plains waiting for adventure. The bump in the previously smooth road arises from Blevin, a thirteen-year-old boy, eager to join the adventurous party. Only after persistent persuasion, a valuable horse and an impressive demonstration of skill, John Grady and Rawlin allow Blevin to join them. Not long after, the characters face their first challenge; during a thunderstorm Blevin stripes himself of any metal and clothing because of his fear of lightning. When morning comes, naked Blevin has lost everything: clothes, horse and rifle. Continuing their journey, they ride into the village of Encantada to discover someone else has possessed Blevin horse and rifle. Eager to recapture his own possessions, Rawlin predicts trouble because of Blevin’s prides, however, John Grady decides to be true to his heart and help Blevin to retrieve his horse and rifle. The situation creates tension between the reality of the consequences and the fantasy of a cowboy. The tension results in disaster. The friends leave Encantada b... ...er and roam. In this vast land uninhabited between the United States and Mexico, John Grady encounter three men. â€Å"The man studied his eyes in the firelight† (McCarthy 281), looking for truth and honesty. This is who John Grady wanted to be. â€Å"Men of the country† (McCarthy 281). This was John Grady’s dream, his quest, laid out physically in front of him, but a struggle is created from the dream-like image of these men and the reality of becoming these men, although, John Grady has yet to reach this point. As the curtains close, John Grady rides off into the sunset, into vast plains, searching for the ideal qualities of a cowboy he will never find because of the unrealistic nature of his fantasy. For John Grady to live the dream, conflict between reality and fantasy leads to pain, suffering and darkens, forcing John Grady on a never-ending search for his fantasy.

Essay example --

"The Old Man and The Sea" is an unbelievable story of a man with struggles within nature. The simplicity of the story’s structure engages readers of all ages. How the main character overcomes his struggles and tribulation is wild, inspiring, and humanistic. The tale can easily be taken into every aspect in life situations. It is truly a classic with an unforgettable plot that leaves the reader wanting more. The fiction novel, "The Old Man and the Sea" became one of the most enduring works of Ernest Hemingway. The novel was written in 1952 and published by Simon & Schuster Inc. Hemingway, is known for writing main characters of courage and conviction. Therefore, creating roles that draw a reader in. The main character is an old Cuban fisherman, named Santiago. â€Å"Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated.† Santiago has had bad luck in catching anything in the last few months. One day Santiago sets out into the Gulf Stream, when he hooks a giant marlin. â€Å"Fish, I love you and respect you very much; but I will ki...

“I wish I could remember” by Christina Rossetii Essay

Christina Rossetii had expressed her regret and longing to recall the â€Å"first day, first hour, first moment† of the â€Å"unrecorded† first meeting of her youthful love. She consider the first meeting â€Å"mean so little† in the old days, she thought it was â€Å"dull† to remember the youthful love that she knew would not last long in her life. However, as time pass by, She felt regretful she would like and wish to â€Å"recall† the memory of the â€Å"days of day† and â€Å"first touch of hand in hand†. Metaphor, simile and personification were used in the poem as to express her emotion of regret. Christina Rossetii wrote â€Å"my tree† as to represent her life with metaphor. Also, she express memory to â€Å"thaw of bygone snow† by simile. She also made use of personification as to show the memory fade out into slip away. Besides, she had make use of words related to senses such as â€Å"touch†, â€Å"see† and â€Å"say†. Moreover, she used repetition, alliteration, assonance and internal rhymes. For repetition, she repeated the word â€Å"I could† many times as to express her longing to remember the memory of the meeting. For alliteration, she used the words like â€Å"meeting me† to attract us. For assonance, she stress on the vowel sound ‘O’ very much to catch our soundings. And for internal rhymes, she used words like ‘hour’ and ‘your’, ‘see’ and ‘foresee’, ‘o ne’ and ‘know’. Christina Rossetii used the image of season, time, memory, nature, evasion and nothingness in â€Å"I wish I could remember†. She made the contrast in summer and winter in season as she express the past has gone just like the â€Å"bygone snow† by using metaphor and now her â€Å"first day, first hour, first moment† just like season and time go so fast and could not be caught. Besides, she showed her longing to remember the moment by making use of the words of recollect’, ‘remember’, ‘recall’ and ‘bygone’. Moreover, she created the image of nature with words like ‘tree’ and ‘blossom’ as things change everyday like nature does although it is beautiful and wonderful that she miss that particular â€Å"first day†. Also, she indicated her love has gone and so as the memory of that day as the evasion with words like slip away by personification. She did not want to remember that day in her life as she didn’t think it was worth and just to evade. Besides, she used the nothingness with words â€Å"traceless†, â€Å"aught† to show the vanishing memory of  the first meeting memory. She loved to use conditionals in the sonnet s to express her longing for going back to the past and recollect the first meeting memory. She had used the falling tone as to express her regret, sadness and longing to remember also. Christina Rossetii stress on her theme that we would feel different at different stages of our life. And as her own experience, she thought the first meeting was not a big deal in her life and did not worth to remember it. But while she realized that feeling last long and she thought this mean so much and she just want to recollect that memory of the first day. We always learnt to regret and cherish after losing but not before losing it, we should learn to cherish everything around us as not to be regretful till the end.

The Advantages of Late Exit Bilingual Education

Imagine being brought up in a family speaking only one language for your entire life and then you had to move to a foreign land where the language is different. If you had a choice of progressively learning this new language over the course of six to nine years or being put into a classroom and have to virtually teach yourself the language by listening to others around you which would you choose? Late exit bilingual education is a more effective form of bilingual education compared to the English immersion form of bilingual education in the fact that there are more benefits and less adverse effects. There are many reasons why late exit bilingual education should be the choice of public schools everywhere with high minority populations. One of the effects of late exit bilingual education is that the students would be able to maintain their cultural background instead of having to give up one or the other. Language is a big part of a person†s culture. Late exit bilingual education gives the non-English speaking students more time to master the English language which is not an easy language to learn in three years as the English immersion strategy teaches. The findings of the Ramirez team in 1991 evaluating the effectiveness of English immersion, early exit bilingual education, and late exit bilingual education further prove why late exit bilingual education is the one that needs to be used. To look at why keeping one†s culture is important one just needs to look at how and why this country was founded. The first Americans from England came here so they wouldn†t have to conform to everything the rulers of England wanted. Immigrants founded this country. One of the greatest things about the United States is that there are so many different types of cultures everywhere you look. It is true that one needs to learn the English language to be successful, but forcing one to give up his or her cultural background is going against everything this country stands for. English immersion does just that by forcing the student to give up his or her cultural background and language (Faltis 191). Late exit bilingual education allows the child to progress effectively through the educational system with the instruction given in English to the extent to make this possible (Schneider, 1976, p. 128. ). To throw a student into a classroom that speaks a language that is not familiar to them and forcing them to adjust in three years like English immersion does is not fair to the student. A sink or swim technique is not very beneficial and can cause more harms than good. The English language takes longer than that to gain mastery in even for people who have a firm English base to start from. The expected time to master the English language is anywhere from four to nine years for the average person (Collier, 1992). Students who don†t have time to develop their L1 or English will not succeed in all-English classrooms (Cummins, 1981). Time is needed for development, which is just not offered with English immersion. I was in a class with three Hispanic immigrants while I was in high school. They knew no English and were forced to adapt to the all-English environment through English immersion. The classes were difficult for English speaking students let alone students who didn†t understand what was going on around them. As expected by the observers of these students, the immigrant students passed the class with D- ‘s only because the teacher felt it was the best thing for them. We need to realize that these non-English speaking students and other like them who go through the English immersion program will graduate from high school by the mercy of teachers and will not be prepared to be successful in the so-called ‘real world†. This leads me to statistics that further the notion that late exit bilingual education is more effective than English immersion. These results were published in the Ramirez report. The Ramirez report contains some very important evidence that suggests late exit bilingual education is the more beneficial program to use. By looking at the report it is clear that even teachers of the English immersion strategy believe that many of the students in their classes would be better off if they remained in the program for more than the three years that it takes now. The report has evidence that suggests the students should be provided with instruction in their primary language until they are able to profit from the English only instruction. Another important detail that came out of the Ramirez study was that the home language of the student should be used for instruction and as a way for parents to assist their children in their learning. Parental involvement appears to be the greatest in the late exit program. The study suggests that schools should explore how they might use the students† home language to get the parents involved in the schooling of their children. Whether it†s from the Ramirez report, my personal experiences, or the fact that it takes more than three years to even get close to mastering the English language it is clear to see that the English immersion program is not the way to go, but rather late exit bilingual education. If public schools want to prepare the minority student for the world after high school they need to use late exit bilingual education and give them the best chance to succeed while at the same time allowing them to keep there cultural and native language. It is clear that there are more benefits to late exit bilingual education compared to English immersion.

India a Global Economic Super Power Essay

New parts of the world that were not long ago considered undeveloped, backwater countries, are now taking center stage in the global economy. Much has been publicized about the ascendance of China’s economy, as it has become a major venue for the manufacturing of products sought after by worldwide consumers eager for cheaper goods. However, China’s Asian neighbor, India, also has a vigorously growing economy. India’s economy is partly being fueled by companies around the world seeking to reduce their costs by outsourcing some of their operations there. A March 9, 2005 article in the International Herald Tribune reported that within 30 years, India is projected to have the world’s third largest economy and more people than China. Russell D’Souza, International Credit & Risk Manager for Hallmark International, pointed out that India implemented modern, capitalistic economic reforms in the early 1990s that are producing positive results. The Tribune article reported that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, who as Finance Minister championed these reforms, proposed major investments in his first budget for education, modernizing India’s colonial-era infrastructure, and lowering tariffs. D’Souza also noted India has modernized its banking regulations. â€Å"India has liberalized its laws to allow foreign banks to take over branches. Local Indian private banks are allowed to set up foreign bank branches. The banking rules have been liberalized considerably. † The CIA World Factbook’s website estimates that by July 2005, India’s population will be slightly fewer than 1. 1 billion, of nearly 16 percent of the world’s population, not far behind China’s, which is projected to be 1. 3 billion. Market Place PRI, a business radio program, reported on March 14, 2005 that a recent economic survey predicted India would grow at 7 percent this year. However, the report went on to assert that many economic analysts say that India needs to improve its infrastructure. D’Souza, who grew up in India but now lives in the U. S, experienced the problems India has with the Lagging state of much of its infrastructure. † You’ve got an infrastructure that is woeful. It’s one of India’s biggest Achilles heels. It’s worse than China’s. † Just the sheer size of its growing middle class provides a huge potential market for India-based companies. D’Souza said the size of India’s middle class is over 200 million people. â€Å"Consumer goods are exploding in India. There are people with cash like I’ve never seen before. † India’s geopolitical importance and stature are growing too. U. S. foreign policy officials view India, with its strategic location, as an important counter-balance to the growing political and military power of China. U. S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice began a six-nation tour of Asia in India on March 16. An article that same day in the Tribune noted that analysts in Delhi viewed her stop there as a positive sign â€Å"the United States was eager to underline India’s increasing importance on the U. S. foreign policy agenda. † Talks between Rice and Singh focused on defense and military cooperation, economy and trade and â€Å"synergies in energy and environmental protection. India possesses some advantages that make it especially suited to provide less expensive business services for companies. China, on the other hand, has excelled in the manufacture of cheaper products. The two main advantages for India is that it has an estimated 200 million people who speak English and also a world-class education system. â€Å"India is a bilingual country,† D’Souza said. He noted this is a byproduct of its former status as a British colony. â€Å"It has an advantage over C hina,† he said, in that respect. The educational system in India has produced a significant number of chartered accountants, doctors, MBAs, lawyers, research analysts and other professionals, many of whom will work in India for much less than their professional counterparts in the U. S. and Europe. Alok Aggarwal, Co-founder of Evalueserve, which offers business intelligence, market research and intellectual property services to clients in North America, Europe and Asia, noted there are two types of services offered on an outsourced basis. Business Process Outsourcing, or BPO, involves more routine processing of data. Ravi Aron, Professor of operations and information management at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, said examples of BPO involve more routine functions where there is a predefined way of doing tasks or even reaching conclusions, as in data entry, accounts maintenance and customer service activities such as those performed at call centers. BPOs typically provide such services as setting up bank accounts, selling an insurance policy and voice and e-mail-based computer support. Aggarwal said that a higher Level of service than BPO is called Knowledge Process Outsourcing or KPO. KPO involves high-end processes such as investment research and Legal and insurance claims processing. In a March 21, 2005 article in the Indiatimes News Network, Pavan Bagai, Vice President, strategic businesses, EXL said, â€Å"Imagine unsorted data going through a black box and coming out as useful information. In KPOs the black box is your mind. There is no predefined process to reach a conclusion. † In either BPO or KPO, India often offers a huge cost savings potential over those functions being performed by American workers in the U. S.  Aron said that in credit card-related functions, the cost of an American worker, including benefits and overhead, ranges from $48-55 per hour–while in India, those costs are only $18-24. A report by Hay Associates estimated that the fully burdened costs of an accounting clerk in Stamford, CT, is $69 per hour, while in Bangalore, India it is $4 per hour. (Though Alok disputes that number saying that â€Å"currently the loaded costs in Bangalore would be $7-$8 per hour† the cost differential is still staggering. ) French & Associates reported that a $50,000 U.  S. clerical worker would cost only $10,000 in India and would be a top graduate. This huge gap in employee direct and indirect costs is even more dramatic with KPO services. â€Å"When you go with high-end work that’s when the game gets interesting,† Aron said. He said employee costs per hour for an equity research analyst in the U. S. would range from $230-$250 while in India it would only be about $30. † Should you find it suitable to relocate, (to one of the countries that offers much cheaper employee costs) you will experience huge savings,† Aron said. If you look al the labor cost difference there is a 5-1 to 8-1 cost factor,† added Aggarwal, whose firm actually provides equity research and investment banking research services. â€Å"American doctors are very hard working–but they don’t work five times harder than Indian doctors. † The March 21 Indiatimes Network article reported that India, with its knowledge base and lower costs, will be â€Å"leading the pack in the race for KPO business. † The article referred to a report by Evalueserve that India will capture more than â€Å"70 percent of the KPO territory by 2010. India’s software trade body reported that export revenues from software outsourcing will reach $17. 3 billion in the fiscal year ending March 2005. In a presentation by Marc Vollenweider, President and CEO of Evalueserve, it was projected that by 2010 India will have about 1. 1 million people employed in BPO. According to Vollenweider, U. S. companies may be compelled to outsource due to his projection of a labor shortage. According to his figures, by fiscal year 2010, the U. S. is projected to experience a shortfall of 5. 4 million workers. In that same timespan, the U. K’s shortfall is projected to be . million workers. Vollenweider’s presentation concluded that, â€Å"Global Sourcing has become an economic imperative for the developed nations to maintain and sustain their historical and current growth. Offshoring IT and BPO services to low-wage destinations provides a viable solution to developed nations who are struggling against the significant shortage of skilled labor. â€Å"Evalueserve projects that by 2010 India will have 820,000 employed in low-end BPO services generating total revenues of USD 18 billion and 250,000 workers employed in high-end KPO services generating USD 12 billion. A number of major U.  S. -based corporations have set up operations in India or have outsourced certain business services to Indian firms. A report by French & Associates indicated India has become a venue for major development centers for IBM and Microsoft. Major corporations like Ford, JP Morgan Chase and HP are currently setting up operations there. General Electric, however, probably has utilized the manpower resources of India more extensively than any other major American Corporation. GE’s involvement in India began in September 1989, according to a front-page, March 23, 2005, The Wall Street Journal article. Al that time, then-CEO Jack Welch flew to India for a sales meeting to sell products to India. During that stop in India, Welch met with Indian government officials who pitched him the idea of having some of his company’s needs provided by its emerging high-tech sector. Today, The WSJ article pointed out, India â€Å"earns more than $17 billion from corporations worldwide seeking low-cost overseas talent †¦ † Although GE is hesitant about taking credit for a trend that has taken many American jobs overseas, most corporate observers agree GE played a major role in the outsourcing boom. The WSJ article further noted that in 1995, GE created GE Capital International Services, now known as Gecis, to handle backroom work and market analysis. In 1999 Gecis established the first international call center in India and in 2000 GE opened a research center in Bangalore to tap the skills of Indian engineers. The WSJ article reported that in November 2004, GE sold a controlling interest in Gecis and now the company will seek business from other companies. French & Associates estimated that GE had 5,000 FTEs (full-time equivalents) in India in 2000. That number grew to 12,000 FTEs by the end of 2003. The WSJ article also reported that in 2000, GE opened the Jack F. Welch Technology Center in Bangalore â€Å"that employs thousands of researchers working on everything from new refrigerators to jet engines. † A recent GE report indicated the company plans to spend about $600 million this year on computer-software development from Indian companies. Val Venable, CCE, Credit Manager for GE Advanced Materials, in reference to GE’s outsourcing efforts in India, said, â€Å"We certainly have been a major player. For our company and a lot of companies, you’re always looking for quality suppliers at low cost. It makes business sense to do it. † Venable, who spoke in India in late March during a five-week business trip there, said that her operations are split between the U. S. and India. â€Å"Part of my collections team sits in the U. S. and some of it is in India. † She said that employee allocation between that in the U. S. and India is proportional to the workload. â€Å"If I have 70 percent of my people in India, I look to have 70 percent of my work there. My people in the U. S. have a lot more credit experience, so they do a lot of the credit decisions. † In Venable’s case, even though GE does not wholly own Gecis anymore, it has not changed her operations. â€Å"My relationship with my team has not changed. We work together and we have sub-teams. For our credit and collections teams we didn’t see a difference. My people from the India and the U. S. have been trained the same. † The cost savings of operations in India aren’t just confined to personnel expenses Venable said. â€Å"It’s not just the cost of the people. Over here I have different IT costs and I have different training costs. † She acknowledged that many Indian employees are well educated and enthusiastic about their work. â€Å"There’s a huge emphasis on education here. It’s their first experience in business. † On the issue that some Americans have complained about not being able to understand customer services representatives in India, Venable said, â€Å"Some of my team have fairly strong accents, but have you ever called Texas of Mississippi? They have accents too. We usually work on that. That’s part of the service to the customers. An unavoidable drawback Venable mentioned of outsourced services emanating from India to American consumers is, â€Å"If you’re going to have a team in India, there’s a time zone difference. † She said the time zone difference between India and the U. S. is 9. 5 hours and 4. 5 hours between India and the U. K. She san the time zone difference actually has not been a major problem for her operations. â€Å"The areas around the call centers are becoming a 24-hour culture. Probably in the next 20 years we’re going to have virtual offices and it won’t matter where people sit. Does everybody need to sit in the same room? Probably not. †

Respect and Sportsmanship

Every day you go through obstacles that will push you to show unfairness, disrespect for others and a â€Å"sore loser† type attitude. For sportsmanship that is just the opposite of its meaning. If you are aware you show sportsmanship every day, whether it is playing a friendly game of basketball in your backyard or being a part of a school spelling bee. For over a decade people around the world learn and show sportsmanship. In the dictionary sportsmanship means one who plays fairly and wins or loses gracefully.To me sportsmanship means a little more than just being nice after a game to the opposing team. It is the ability to keep composed when a situation arises. To be able to except a loss and not act out to make your team look bad. Sportsmanship helps maintain a good image in the competitive world today. It’s a value you have to have to show respect to your team and other teams. It’s your responsibility as a competitive person to show sportsmen like behavior. Outside the sports world you show sportsmanship everywhere.Recently I went around asking a couple students what sportsmanship meant to them. Each one said something different, but they all generally said to show respect whether you win or lose. A great thought was sportsmanship applies to all disciplines. This one individual stated musically speaking; it meant if you are better than your cohorts. You should still open your ears to advice. To encourage people not to bring others down if they do something wrong. Sportsmanship is a kind of style and attitude and it has positive influences on everyone around you. If you win through bad sportsmanship, that’s no real victory. † –Babe Didrikson Zaharias quotes. This is a great quote that really clarifies what sportsmanship is. Yes, winning is awesome but it isn’t awesome when you disrespect people and show childish behavior. That truly is not a real victory. You should win with passion, competiveness and drive. I f you show sportsmanship by being unfair and not respectful, then you are not showing sportsmanship at all.

Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances Essay

Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances - Essay Example This special document, regarded supreme, provides the means by which each of the three branches can resist the incursions of the others. Drawing from a rich background of theories from scholars regarding a systematic order of governance, the framers of the US constitution drew up this basic charter conferring sufficient institutional powers to govern. While aware of the power of the masses, the charter had in it inbuilt safeguards.1 As such, the document withheld the principle of abridging the liberties of the citizenry.  Nevertheless, no one institution was to wield absolute power. Indeed as said by Madison, â€Å"the truth is that all men having power ought to be mistrusted†¦Since the general civilization of mankind, I believe, there are more abridgement of the people by gradual and silent encroachment of those in power by violent and sudden usurpation†¦The accumulation of all powers; legislative, executive and judicial in the same hands, whether of one, few or many †¦..may just be pronounced the very definition of tyranny.†2 Referring to the works of Montesquieu, Madison alongside many other statesmen convincingly argued for the concept of separation of powers embedded with the safeguards of checks and balances within the three branches of government. The doctrine of separation of powers ingrained in the Constitution provides for the separation of government into three distinct branches; the legislative, executive, and the judicial branches. Each branch has unique responsibilities with functional separate powers. Despite the separation and functional autonomy, each branch was granted the capability to place limits on the powers exercised by the other two branches. In effect, no single agency was granted the power to exercise complete authority, thereby creating a system of interdependency. For purposes of clarity, separation of powers on one hand means that no one branch had the capacity to control the other two arms of government.

Financial management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Financial management - Assignment Example The completion of the acquisition marks the first step in bringing these two organizations together as one team (Microsoft, 2014). Where do Nokia and Microsoft go from here? Since the deal was first announced last September, it was evident that this was a win-win situation for both sides. Nokia can get on with growing its solutions and networks division without the albatross of its money-losing mobile phone unit around its neck (fool.com, 2014). For Microsoft, a late transition to  the 21st  century will be realized in the next couple of days. Its about time. The completion of the Nokia Devices and Services business acquisition April 25 will enable Microsoft to accelerate its share of smart phones and feature phones in developed and emerging markets, and increase its role as a devices and services company. (Local news now, 2014). Microsoft will target the affordable mobile devices market, a $50 billion annual opportunity, delivering the first mobile experience to the next billion people while introducing Microsoft services to new customers around the world (Microsoft, 2014).   Microsoft will continue to deliver new value and opportunity, and it will work closely with a range of hardware partners, developers, operators, distributors and retailers, providing platforms, tools, applications and services that enable them to make exceptional devices. With a deeper understanding of hardware and software working as one, the company will strengthen and grow demand for Windows devices overall (marketwatch, 2014). Industry watchers thought it was a "win-win solution" for both of the enterprises. "Microsoft has always been trying to expand its mobile Internet market, and Nokia, whose manufacturing technology for handsets is advanced, urgently needs to look for a savior," Cao Yujie, director of consultants for IT market research agency CCW Research, told the Global Times. Forgoing the

Did the US really change in the first two chapters Essay

Did the US really change in the first two chapters - Essay Example However, after the migrations started, the natives absorbed several things from these newcomers. Later, the US developed an educated culture, with several notable writings penned during the times including motivational and factual accounts of the famous writer John Adams (Remini 35). Their culture was heavily influenced by the immigrants who brought sophistication and mannerisms. Also, they learnt the art of combat and also gained weaponry from the colonial powers. Therefore they were able to build their military when the need arose during the eighteenth century (Remini 42-62). The migrations changed the US heavily. They learned the art of debating and government. They elaborated the expressions of liberty and freedom. Moreover, the biggest change was the occurrence of the American Revolution during the time, which not only upturned the colonial powers, but also gained the Americans their due freedom. Those who had not been able to identify their enemies earlier were then able to eliminate them from their lands. The US economy dependence also changed from agriculture to trade and other industrial developments like ship building etc. Indeed, the US changed a lot during the early migrations till the declaration of US

Supreme Court Case Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Supreme Court Case - Research Paper Example The administrative action taken in this case, which consisted of five steps, is described, after which a stand is made that the court’s action had no effect on any perceived arbitrariness in the administrative agency’s decision. This writer’s opinion was rendered on the appropriateness of the court’s decision, and foreseen future implications on administrative actions are briefly described. On the case of Goldberg v Kelly 1. Offer a brief summary/historical overview of the circumstances in the case, the stakeholders, and the outcome sought by the plaintiff. In this case, the appellants were New York state officials and the Commissioner of Social Services, New York City. The appellees are New York City residents who were receiving financial aid under federally supported Aid to Families with Dependent Children program, and the general Home Relief program of New York State (397 U.S. 256). Plaintiff-appellees allege that their benefits either have been or were about to be terminated by officials without prior notice and hearing. They claim in effect, denial of their constitutional right to be afforded the due process of law, for which they sought the restoration of their welfare benefits pending results of evidentiary hearing where they could present their case (397 U.S. 256-257). Upon conclusion of the administrative procedure and remedies during which time plaintiffs’ welfare benefits were terminated, action was brought by the aggrieved party in the District Court for the Southern District of New York. Defendants argued that pursuant to regulation, a pre-termination review was conducted at the end of which it was decided that termination of benefits was warranted. At this juncture, the benefits were halted, although plaintiffs were afforded the option of requesting for a post-termination â€Å"fair hearing† during which they may appear personally before the decision-maker, adduce their evidence and confront and cross-exam ine the witnesses against them. The rationale behind the discontinuance of welfare benefits after the administrative review and summary adjudication prior to the â€Å"fair hearing† was purportedly to protect the interests of the New York taxpayer, in case the hearing finds the discontinuance to be meritorious (397 U.S. 265). The district court ruled in favor of plaintiffs, that in light of the constitutional mandate, a pre-termination evidentiary hearing is required in order to satisfy the due process requisite under the law (397 U.S. 256-257). The District Court rejected the argument by welfare officials that their conduct of a post-termination â€Å"fair hearing† as well as an informal pre-termination review had adequately complied with the law. The decision of the District Court was withheld on appeal. 2. Explain how the case qualified for judicial review in regards to the ripeness, standing, the exhaustion of administrative remedies, and primary jurisdiction as th ey apply. The doctrine of ripeness is concerned with whether at the time a judicial action is brought, the facts have sufficiently developed such that the injury has occurred or is likely to occur, instead of being remote or contingent. A claim is ripe if the injury upon